Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception Class Reference
Class Summary
Synopsis
use Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception qw(throw warning deprecate verbose try catch); or to get all methods just use Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception; eval { throw("this is an exception with a stack trace") }; if ($@) { print "Caught exception:\n$@"; } # Or you can us the try/catch confortable syntax instead to deal with # throw or die. Don't forget the ";" after the catch block. With # this syntax, the original $@ is in $_ in the catch subroutine. try { throw("this is an exception with a stack trace"); } catch { print "Caught exception:\n$_" }; # silence warnings verbose('OFF'); warning('this is a silent warning'); #show deprecated and warning messages but not info verbose('DEPRECATE'); warning('this is a warning'); # show all messages verbose('ALL'); info('this is an informational message'); sub my_sub { deprecate('use other_sub() instead') } verbose('EXCEPTION'); info( 'This is a high priority info message.', 1000 );
Description
This is derived from the Bio::Root module in BioPerl. Some formatting has been changed and the deprecate function has been added. Most notably the object methods are now static class methods that can be called without inheriting from Bio::Root or Bio::EnsEMBL::Root. This is especially useful for throwing exceptions with stack traces outside of a blessed context.
The originaly implementations of these methods were by Steve Chervitz and refactored by Ewan Birney.
It is recommended that these functions be used instead of inheriting unnecessarily from the Bio::EnsEMBL::Root or Bio::Root object. The functions exported by this package provide a set of useful error handling methods.
Definition at line 68 of file Exception.pm.
Available Methods | |
| public | catch () |
| public void | deprecate () |
| public void | info () |
| public Array | stack_trace () |
| public String | stack_trace_dump () |
| public void | throw () |
| public Depend | try () |
| public Int | verbose () |
| public void | warning () |
Method Documentation
| public Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception::catch | ( | ) |
Undocumented method
Code:
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| public void Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception::deprecate | ( | ) |
Arg [1] : string $mesg
A message describing why a method is
- Deprecated:
Example : use Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception qw(deprecate) sub old_sub { deprecate('Please use new_sub() instead'); } Description: Prints a warning to STDERR that the method which called deprecate() is
. Also prints the line number and file from which the
method was called. Deprecated warnings only appear once for each location the method was called from. No message is displayed if the level of verbosity is lower than the level of the warning. Returntype : none Exceptions : warning every time Caller :
methods
Code:
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| public void Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception::info | ( | ) |
Arg [1] : string $string
The message to be displayed
Arg [2] : (optional) int $level
Override the default level of this message so it is displayed at
a different level of verbosity than it normally would be.
Example : use Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception qw(verbose info)
Description: This prints an info message to STDERR if verbosity is higher
than the level of the message. By default info messages are not
displayed.
Returntype : none
Exceptions : none
Caller : generalCode:
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| public Array Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception::stack_trace | ( | ) |
Arg [1] : none Example : use Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception qw(stack_trace) Description: Gives an array to a reference of arrays with stack trace info each coming from the caller(stack_number) call Returntype : array of listrefs of strings Exceptions : none Caller : general, stack_trace_dump()
Code:
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| public String Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception::stack_trace_dump | ( | ) |
Arg [1] : (optional) int $levels
The number of levels to ignore from the top of the stack when
creating the dump. This is useful when this is called internally
from a warning or throw function when the immediate caller and
stack_trace_dump function calls are themselves uninteresting.
Example : use Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception qw(stack_trace_dump);
print STDERR stack_trace_dump();
Description: Returns a stack trace formatted as a string
Returntype : string
Exceptions : none
Caller : general, throw, warningCode:
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| public void Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception::throw | ( | ) |
Arg [1] : string $msg
Arg [2] : (optional) int $level
override the default level of exception throwing
Example : use Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception qw(throw);
throw('We have a problem');
Description: Throws an exception which if not caught by an eval will
provide a stack trace to STDERR and die. If the verbosity level
is lower than the level of the throw, then no error message is
displayed but the program will still die (unless the exception
is caught).
Returntype : none
Exceptions : thrown every time
Caller : generally on errorCode:
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| public Depend Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception::try | ( | ) |
Arg [1] : anonymous subroutine
the block to be tried
Arg [2] : return value of the catch function
Example : use Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception qw(throw try catch)
The syntax is:
try { block1 } catch { block2 };
{ block1 } is the 1st argument
catch { block2 } is the 2nd argument
e.g.
try {
throw("this is an exception with a stack trace");
} catch {
print "Caught exception:\\n$_";
};
In block2, $_ is assigned the value of the first
throw or die statement executed in block 1. Description: Replaces the classical syntax
eval { block1 };
if ($@) { block2 }
by a more confortable one.
In the try/catch syntax, the original $@ is in $_ in the catch subroutine.
This try/catch implementation is a copy and paste from
"Programming Perl" 3rd Edition, July 2000, by L.Wall, T. Christiansen
& J. Orwant. p227, and is only possible because of subroutine prototypes.
Returntype : depend on what is implemented the try or catch block
Exceptions : none
Caller : generalCode:
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| public Int Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception::verbose | ( | ) |
Arg [1] : (optional) int Example : use Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception qw(verbose warning); #turn warnings and everything more important on (e.g. exception) verbose('WARNING'); warning("Warning displayed"); info("This won't be displayed"); deprecate("This won't be diplayed");
#turn exception messages on
verbose('EXCEPTION');
warning("This won't do anything");
throw("Die with a message"); #turn everying off
verbose('OFF'); #same as verbose(0);
warning("This won't do anything");
throw("Die silently without a message"); #turn on all messages
verbose('ALL');
info("All messages are now displayed");if(verbose() > 3000) { print "Verbosity is pretty high"; }
Description: Gets/Sets verbosity level which defines which messages are
to be displayed. An integer value may be passed or one of the
following strings:
'OFF' (= 0)
'EXCEPTION' (= 1000)
'WARNING' (= 2000)
'DEPRECATE' (= 3000)
'INFO' (= 4000)
'ALL' (= 1000000)Returntype : int Exceptions : none Caller : general
Code:
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| public void Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception::warning | ( | ) |
Arg [1] : string warning(message);
Arg [2] : (optional) int level
Override the default level of this warning changning the level
of verbosity at which it is displayed.
Example : use Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::Exception qw(warning)
warning('This is a warning');
Description: If the verbosity level is higher or equal to the level of this
warning then a warning message is printed to STDERR. If the
verbosity lower then nothing is done. Under the default
levels of warning and verbosity warnings will be displayed.
Returntype : none
Exceptions : warning every time
Caller : generalCode:
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The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:
- Bio/EnsEMBL/Utils/Exception.pm